Reactive Power Compensation

As a result of exceeding reactive power, its compensation should be applied. The principles of operation of the analysis are analogous to the actions described in connection with exceeding the contracted power. However, what is reactive power? In contrast to active power, reactive power does not convert into useful work. Nevertheless, some devices require it to operate. Interestingly, this type of energy is not consumed; it only flows back and forth on the power line between the power plant and the consumer. Reactive energy is divided into two types: inductive and capacitive. Inductive reactive power is taken to create a magnetic field in motors and transformers.

Conversely, capacitive reactive power is fed back into the grid through LED lighting or capacitors. Today, we have many devices that influence reactive power, including power supplies, inverters, and long cables, which is why its compensation is so important. The excessive flow of reactive power in the power grid necessitates the installation of additional devices, increases losses of active energy in transformers, networks, and receiving installations. Therefore, regulations limit the amount of reactive power taken, regardless of the voltage level. Exceeding this limit results in penalties imposed by distribution networks. This limit is expressed as tgφ and should not exceed 0.4. There is a solution to limit the consumption of inductive reactive energy. You should connect capacitor banks within the company’s premises to the network. On the other hand, to compensate for capacitive reactive power, you use choke coil banks. Both banks, by generating opposite reactive energy near the receiver, reduce the need to transport reactive energy through the network, which reduces the ratio of reactive power to active power. Thanks to the installation of compensating devices, energy flows only between the compensator and the receiver.

It’s important to remember that the speed at which your investments will pay off and the final outcome largely depend on the correct selection of compensatory devices and a proper assessment of the reasons for the occurrence of reactive power consumption – that’s why it’s worth taking advantage of professional advisory services in this area, especially since the cost is a percentage of the financial penalties saved.